The Pine Family
Austrian Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus nigra |
| Location: | Mediterranean regions of Europe and Asia Minor |
| Dried Weight: | 30lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 660lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 5,570lbf /in2 |
Austrian Pine has a heartwood that is light reddish brown in color and a sapwood that is wide and pale yellow to nearly white in color. The grain is straight and it has a medium even texture. The wood has medium sized resin canals. It is rated as durable to non-durable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Caribbean Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus caribaea |
| Location: | Central America and Caribbean |
| Dried Weight: | 39lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 1,110lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 7,890lbf /in2 |
Caribbean Pine has a heartwood which is reddish brown and a sapwood that is a yellowish/white color. The grain is straight and it has a medium to coarse texture. The wood has a greasy feel to it. It has large resin canals within the wood. It is rated as moderately durable in regards to decay. It is fairly easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Eastern White Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus strobus |
| Location: | Eastern North America |
| Dried Weight: | 25lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 380lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 4,800lbf /in2 |
Eastern White Pine has a light brown, sometimes with a reddish hue, heartwood and a sapwood which is a pale yellow to nearly white color. The grain is straight and it has a even medium texture. Large resin canals are present in the wood. It has a moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Hoop Pine
| Scientific Name: | Araucaria cunninghamii |
| Location: | Eastern Australia and New Guinea |
| Dried Weight: | 31lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 750lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 6,800lbf /in2 |
Hoop Pine has a heartwood that is light brown in color, sometimes with a yellow to reddish hue. The grain is straight to interlocked and it has a fine to medium uniform texture. The wood gives off a moderate natural lustre. The resin canals are absent. It is rated as non-durable to perishable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with, except sections with knots. The wood glues, finishes, and turns well.
Huon Pine
| Scientific Name: | Dacrydium spp. |
| Location: | Australia, New Zealand, Southeast Asia |
| Dried Weight: | 35lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 920lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | not available |
Huon Pine ranges in color from a light yellow to a golden or reddish brown. The grain is straight or sometimes wavy and it has a fine uniform texture. The wood gives off a moderate natural lustre. The resin canals are absent. This wood has a good durability in marine applications but is non -durable in applications of direct ground contact. It is easy to work with and glues, finishes, and turns well.
Jack Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus banksiana |
| Location: | Canada and Northern USA |
| Dried Weight: | 31lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 570lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 5,660lbf /in2 |
Jack Pine has a heartwood that is orangish brown and a wide sapwood that is a yellowish white color. The grain is straight and it has a coarse to medium texture. The resin canals are medium sized. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Jeffery Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus jeffreyi |
| Location: | Mountainous regions of Southwestern Oregon through California and Northern Mexico |
| Dried Weight: | 28lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 500lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 5,530lbf /in2 |
Jeffrey Pine has a reddish brown heartwood and the sapwood is a yellowish white color. The grain is straight and it has a medium texture. Medium to large resin canals are present in the wood. It is rated as moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Khasi Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus kesiya |
| Location: | India and Southeast Asia |
| Dried Weight: | 38lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 670lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 7,330lbf /in2 |
Khasi Pine has a light reddish brown heartwood and a sapwood that is a pale yellow color. The wood will darken with age. The grain is straight and it has a medium texture. It is rated as moderately durable to durable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Limber Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus flexis |
| Location: | Mountainous regions of North America |
| Dried Weight: | 28lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 430lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 5,290lbf /in2 |
Limber Pine has a heartwood with a light brown color, sometimes with a slightly reddish hue, and a sapwood that is a pale yellow to nearly white color. The grain is straight and it has a even medium texture. Large resin canals are present in the wood. It has a moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Loblolly Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus taeda |
| Location: | Southeastern USA |
| Dried Weight: | 35lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 690lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 7,130lbf /in2 |
Loblolly Pine has a heartwood that is reddish brown and the sapwood is a yellowish white color. The grain is straight and it has a fine to medium texture. Large resin canals are present in the wood. It has moderate to low durability in regards of decay. It is fair to work with and glues, and finishes well.
Lodgepole Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus contorta |
| Location: | Western North America |
| Dried Weight: | 29lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 480lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 5,370lbf /in2 |
Lodge pole Pine has a heartwood that is light reddish/yellowish brown color and a sapwood has a yellowish white color. The grain is straight and it has a medium texture. Medium sized resin canals are present in the wood. It has a moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Longleaf Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus palustris |
| Location: | southeastern USA |
| Dried Weight: | 41lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 870lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 8,470lbf /in2 |
Long leaf Pine has a reddish brown heartwood and a yellowish white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a fine to medium texture. Large resin canals are present in the wood. It is rated as moderately durable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Maritime Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus pinaster |
| Location: | Southwestern Europe |
| Dried Weight: | 31lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 390lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 5,660lbf /in2 |
Maritime Pine has a light reddish brown heartwood and a pale yellow to nearly white sapwood. The wood will darken with age. The grain is straight and it has a medium even texture. It is rated as moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and it glues and finishes well.
Norfolk Island Pine
| Scientific Name: | Araucaria heterophylla |
| Location: | Norfolk Island |
| Dried Weight: | 31lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 650lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 6,420lbf /in2 |
Norfolk Pine has a light brown heartwood, sometimes with a yellow or red hue. The grain is straight and it has a fine to medium uniform texture. The wood gives off a moderate natural lustre. The resin canals are absent. It is rated as non-durable to perishable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues, finishes, and turns well.
Ocote Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus oocarpa |
| Location: | Mexico and Central America |
| Dried Weight: | 44lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 950lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 6,400lbf /in2 |
Ocote Pine has a heartwood that is light brown and a sapwood that is a pale yellowish white color. The grain is straight and it has a medium even texture. It is rated as moderately durable to non-durable in regards to decay. The wood is fair to work with and it glues and finishes well.
Parana Pine
| Scientific Name: | Araucaria angustifolia |
| Location: | Southern Brazil |
| Dried Weight: | 34lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 810lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 7,570lbf /in2 |
Parana Pine has a heartwood that is light to medium brown in color, sometimes with red streaks, while the sapwood is a yellow color. The grain is straight and it has a uniform medium texture. The wood gives off a low natural lustre. The resin canals are absent. It is rated as non-durable to perishable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Patula Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus patula |
| Location: | Eastern Mexico |
| Dried Weight: | 36lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 550lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 5,160lbf /in2 |
Paula Pine has a light pinkish brown heartwood and a pale yellowish white sapwood. It has a straight grain and it has a medium even texture. It is rated as non-durable to perishable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Pinyon Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus edulis |
| Location: | Southwestern USA, northwestern Mexico |
| Dried Weight: | 37lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 860lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 6,400lbf /in2 |
Pinyon Pine has a yellowish brown heartwood. It has a irregular grain full of knots and it has a medium to fine texture. Large resin canals are present in the wood.
Pitch Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus rigida |
| Location: | Northeastern USA |
| Dried Weight: | 34lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 620lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 5,940lbf /in2 |
Pitch Pine has a reddish brown heartwood and a yellowish white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a medium texture. The wood has large resin canals present. It has a moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Pond Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus serotina |
| Location: | Eastern USA |
| Dried Weight: | 38lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 740lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 7,540lbf /in2 |
Pond Pine has a reddish brown heartwood and a yellowish white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a medium texture. The wood has large resin canals present. It has a moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Ponderosa Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus ponderosa |
| Location: | Western North America |
| Dried Weight: | 28lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 460lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 5,320lbf /in2 |
Ponderosa Pine has a reddish brown heartwood and a yellowish white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a medium texture. The wood has medium to large resin canals present. It has a moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Radiata Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus radiata |
| Location: | Central and Southern Coastal California |
| Dried Weight: | 32lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 710lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 6,030lbf /in2 |
Radiata Pine has a light brown heartwood and a pale yellowish white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a medium even texture. The wood has medium to large resin canals. It is rated as non-durable to perishable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Red Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus resinosa |
| Location: | Northeastern North America |
| Dried Weight: | 34lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 560lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 6,070lbf /in2 |
Red Pine has a light reddish brown heartwood and a pale yellow to nearly white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a medium even texture. The wood has a somewhat oily feel and medium sized resin canals. It is rated as moderately durable to non-durable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well. The resin can cause problems with its paint holding ability.
Sand Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus clausa |
| Location: | Southeastern USA |
| Dried Weight: | 34lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 730lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 6,920lbf /in2 |
Sand Pine has a reddish brown heartwood and a yellowish white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a fine to medium texture. The wood has large resin canals present. It has a moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well. The resin can gum up tools and sandpaper.
Scots Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus sylvestris |
| Location: | Europe and Northern Asia |
| Dried Weight: | 34lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 540lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 6,020lbf /in2 |
Scots Pine has a light reddish brown heartwood and a pale yellow to nearly white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a medium even texture. The wood has a medium sized resin canals. It is rated as moderately durable to non-durable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Shortleaf Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus echinata |
| Location: | Southeastern USA |
| Dried Weight: | 35lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 690lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 7,270lbf /in2 |
Shortleaf Pine has a reddish brown heartwood and a yellowish white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a fine to medium texture. The wood has large resin canals present. It has a moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well. The resin can gum up tools and sandpapers. It also has a moderate dulling effect on cutters.
Slash Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus elliottii |
| Location: | Southeastern USA |
| Dried Weight: | 41lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 760lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 8,140lbf /in2 |
Slash Pine has a reddish brown heartwood and a yellowish white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a fine to medium texture. The wood has large resin canals present. It is rated moderately durable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well. The resin can gum up tools and sandpaper.
Spruce Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus glabra |
| Location: | Southeastern USA |
| Dried Weight: | 32lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 660lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 5,620lbf /in2 |
Spruce Pine has a reddish brown heartwood and a yellowish white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a fine to medium texture. The wood has large resin canals present. It has a moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well. The resin can gum up tools and sandpaper.
Sugar Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus lambertiana |
| Location: | Mountainous regions of Pacific coast of USA |
| Dried Weight: | 25lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 380lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 4,460lbf /in2 |
Sugar Pine has a light brown, sometimes with a slightly reddish hue, heartwood and a pale yellow to nearly white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a even medium to coarse texture. The wood has very large resin canals. It is rated as moderately durable to non-durable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.
Sumatran Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus merkusii |
| Location: | Southeast Asia |
| Dried Weight: | 44lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 870lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 8,410lbf /in2 |
Sumatran Pine has a light reddish brown heartwood and a pale yellow to nearly white sapwood. The wood darkens with age. The grain is straight and it has a medium even texture. The wood is rated as non-durable to perishable in regards to decay. It is easy to work with, but the resin can gum up tools and sandpaper. The wood glues and finishes well.
Table Mountain Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus pungens |
| Location: | Eastern USA |
| Dried Weight: | 36lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 730lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 6,830lbf /in2 |
Table Mountain Pine has a reddish brown heartwood and a yellowish white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a medium texture. The wood has large resin canals present. It has a moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well. The resin can gum up tools and sandpaper.
Virginia Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus virginiana |
| Location: | Eastern USA |
| Dried Weight: | 32lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 740lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 6,710lbf /in2 |
Virginia Pine has a reddish brown heartwood and a yellowish white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a medium texture. The wood has large resin canals present. It has a moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well. The resin can gum up tools and sandpaper.
Western White Pine
| Scientific Name: | Pinus monticola |
| Location: | Mountainous regions of western North America |
| Dried Weight: | 27lbs/ft3 |
| Janka Hardness: | 420lbf |
| Crushing Strength: | 5,040lbf /in2 |
Western White Pine has a light brown, sometimes with a slight reddish hue, heartwood and a pale yellow to nearly white sapwood. The grain is straight and it has a even medium texture. The wood has large resin canals present. It has a moderate to low durability in regards to decay. It is easy to work with and glues and finishes well.